Published November 1, 2023
| Version
v2
Dataset
Fluxes and plant diversity data in urban grasslands
Contributors
Contact person:
Data collectors:
Description
Files that were used in Justine et al.'s manuscript (2023), entitled ‘Lawns and meadows in urban green space - A comparison from perspectives of greenhouse gas, drought resilience and plant functional types’. CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes, C/N content in soil and plant diversity were measured in urban grasslands around Helsinki Metropolitan Area. At four of the study sites including a mesic meadow, a dry meadow, an irrigated lawn and a non-irrigated lawn, total ecosystem respiration, GPP, green cover and plant diversity were intensively recorded (about every two weeks from May-November) from 2021-2022. Twelve other sites (6 control lawns and 6 meadows) belonging to the Lawns into Meadows experiment were studied from 2020-2022, they also provide crucial data (respiration, CH4 and N2O and plant functional type proportions) about conversion from a lawn into a meadow. Compared to the previous dataset, some changes were made:
- 00_READ_ME: descriptions were improved and figures/tables updated
- 01_COCARBON_Flux_data: gas slope and NMRSE were added
- 02_LIM_Flux_data: gas slope and NMRSE were added
- ex-07_LIM_Plants&flux: discarded because of redundancy (in addition, one tree proportion value was missing)
- 08_Soil_CN_data: added to the folder
- 09_various_soil_characteristics: added to the folder
Additional details
Identifiers
- URL
- https://etsin.fairdata.fi/dataset/5e6a8c8f-9f34-44cd-9b89-efc17c08b686
- B2SHARE Legacy Record ID
- 920c1e5f08a74a6d9dfcb3a08cfc6734
Funding
- Strategic Research Council working under Academy of Finland (grant no. 335204)
- Academy of Finland (grant no. 325549)
- Koneen säätiö (grant no. 201902880)
- ACCC Flagship program of the Academy of Finland (grant no. 337552)
- Maj and Tor Nessling foundation (grant no. 202000391)
Instruments
- Transparent chamber with: CO2 and H2O analyzer (Li-840A, LI-COR, Inc., Nebraska, USA), air temperature and humidity sensor (BME280, Bosch Sensortec GmbH, Reutlingen, Germany), and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor (PQS1, Kipp & Zonen, Delft, Netherlands)
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- Opaque chamber with: CO2, H2O, N2O and CH4 analyzer (DX4015, Gasmet Technologies Oy, Vantaa, Finland)
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- Opaque chamber with: CO2 probe (GMP343, Vaisala Oyj, Vantaa, Finland) and relative humidity and air temperature sensor (HMP75, Vaisala)
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- Handheld soil thermometer (HH376, Omega Engineering Inc., Connecticut, USA),
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- Handheld soil-moisture meter (ML3 ThetaProbe and HH2 Moisture Meter, Delta-T Devices Ltd., Cambridge, UK)
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- Elemental CN analyzer (LECO, Michigan, USA)
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FMI metadata
- Process step
- Flux calculation from Vekuri, H.: Chamber-codes, https://github.com/hvekuri/Chamber-codes, 2023., Sentinel-2 data from Nevalainen, O.: satellitetools, https://github.com/ollinevalainen/satellitetools, 2022., Green cover from Patrignani, A. and Ochsner, T. E.: Canopeo: A Powerful New Tool for Measuring Fractional Green Canopy Cover, Agronomy Journal, 107, 2312–2320, https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj15.0150, 2015.
- Source data
- Meteorological data from the Finnish Meteorological Institute (Finnish Meteorological Institute: Download observations, https://en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/download-observations, last access: 21 April 2023) and SMEAR III (Institute of Atmospheric Research. SmartSMEAR - Download: https://smear.avaa.csc.fi/download, last access: 21 April 2023)
- Lineage
- Official version of processed data, for more details please read "00_READ_ME" file
- Platforms
- Urban grasslands, directly on the ground
- Parameter
- Topic category
- environment
Parameter name
:
Respiration
Parameter unit
:
mg CO2 m-2 s-1
Parameter description
:
measured CO2 fluxes including heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration (named Respiration, Resp or CO2)
Parameter name
:
GPP_1200
Parameter unit
:
mg CO2 m-2 s-1
Parameter description
:
Gross Primary Production calculated after recordings at the equivalent of PAR = 1200 µmol m−2 s−1
Parameter name
:
GP_max
Parameter unit
:
mg CO2 m-2 s-1
Parameter description
:
maximum calculated Gross Primary Production on the measurement day
Parameter name
:
daily GPP
Parameter unit
:
mg CO2 m-2 s-1 or mg CO2 m-2 d-1
Parameter description
:
daily Gross Primary Production calculated according to our recordings
Parameter name
:
CH4
Parameter unit
:
mg CH4 m-2 s-1
Parameter description
:
measured CH4 fluxes
Parameter name
:
N2O
Parameter unit
:
mg N2O m-2 s-1
Parameter description
:
measured N2O fluxes
Parameter name
:
Soil temperature
Parameter unit
:
°C
Parameter description
:
Soil temperature measured at 5 or 10-cm depth during flux recording (named Soil_temp_10cm, Soil_temp_5cm and temp)
Parameter name
:
Soil moisture
Parameter unit
:
m m-1
Parameter description
:
Soil moisture measured at 5cm depth during flux recording, mean of at least 4 measurements (named Soil_mois and mois)
Parameter name
:
Vegetation height
Parameter unit
:
cm
Parameter description
:
Maximum vegetation height measured during recording
Parameter name
:
Green cover
Parameter unit
:
%
Parameter description
:
Green cover measured with Canapeo thanks to pictures taken from above
Parameter name
:
LAI
Parameter unit
:
m2 m-2
Parameter description
:
Leaf area index either measured manually or collected from Sentinel-2 (Nevalainen, 2022)
Parameter name
:
SOC
Parameter unit
:
%
Parameter description
:
Soil organic carbon content in the <2mm fraction (named C_soil and Carbon)
Parameter name
:
SON
Parameter unit
:
%
Parameter description
:
Soil organic nitrogen content in the <2mm fraction (named N_soil and Nitrogen)
Parameter name
:
Plant cover proportion
Parameter unit
:
%
Parameter description
:
Proportion of grasses, legumes, forbs, trees, sedges, horsetails and mosses found at the site on 27th June or 21st July 2022
Parameter name
:
Shannon index (S)
Parameter description
:
Biodiversity index, Shannon index calculated for the plants at the inventoried sites (refereed as intensive sites in Trémeau et al., 2023)
Parameter name
:
Shannon equitability index (EH)
Parameter description
:
Biodiversity index, also called Species evenness calculated for the plants at the inventoried sites (refereed as intensive sites in Trémeau et al., 2023)
Parameter name
:
Species richness
Parameter description
:
Biodiversity index, number of plant species found at the inventoried sites (refereed as intensive sites in Trémeau et al., 2023)
Parameter name
:
Proportion of bare soil
Parameter unit
:
%
Parameter description
:
Proportion of bare soil found at the site on 27th June or 21st July 2022
Parameter name
:
SPEI
Parameter description
:
Daily SPEI values calculated by the R function for a 90, 30 or 14 days interval with the FAO method (Allen et al., 1998)
Parameter name
:
PET
Parameter unit
:
mm d-1
Parameter description
:
Daily potential evapotranspiration calculated by the R function, calculated according to Penman-Monteith equation (Monteith, 1965)
Parameter name
:
Wbal
Parameter unit
:
mm d-1
Parameter description
:
Climatic water balance
Parameter name
:
Various meteorological data
Parameter name
:
Various soil chemical data
Temporal Coverage
Ranges:
Start date: 2020-07-13
End date: 2022-11-01
End date: 2022-11-01